
There is every indication that Kalla's plans will remain on the drawing board. Jakarta's chaotic development is determined by well-connected construction and real estate tycoons who openly flout regulations and make huge profits speculating in the construction of shopping malls and housing complexes for the wealthy. Jakarta's construction boom over the past decade has compounded the city's flooding problem by gobbling up natural water catchments, such as lakes and rice paddies, and denuding the surrounding hills of trees.
