By Shrii P. R. Sarkar
With the changes of the social cycle, the human society has developed several social institutions to carry out its duties and responsibilities. The state is one such vital institution, which organizes a group of people in a certain area of land, rules them, promotes their welfare and oversees their good. This institution is powerful because it also enjoys sovereign power.
By Shrii P. R. Sarkar
The spirit of the word Samaja (society) signifies a group of people who move together. All are not of equal strength or intellect. Hence the shortcomings in one must be compensated for by another. Different people have varying abilities: some have physical strength but no brains; others have the brains but not the strength to work; and others have neither the strength not the brains, but work well and with a peaceful mind under the guidance of their supervisors. We can always see around us people of differing types and qualities. Judged by the crude codes of this world, no one is totally independent. Everyone relies on someone else in some way or other. Everyone makes up for their deficiencies by taking help from others. Whenever a large group of people strive to make up for their relative differences on terms of mutual understanding, we call it a society or Samaj.
By Shrii P. R. Sarkar
The theory that springs out of fundamentals can be materialized with little effort. But that materialization will depend upon the effort, time and opportune moment. When theory precedes practice, however, the theory may or may not be materialized. There are four main factors that are responsible for the failure of any theory.
The second cause is non-utilization of over-accumulated physical and psychic pabula. Where there is over-accumulation of physical wealth several problems occur. Human beings do not have many needs. Primarily they need satisfying meals and clothing, according to their necessities. Most people do not even want many things. the desire to accumulate money is actually a mental disease. The accumulators do not accumulate to fulfill their basic needs a human needs are few. For instance, if a person has a mango-grove that yields 500 mangoes and a family of five, what will he do with so many mangoes? In cases of over-accumulation there is very little chance of utilization. Hence, if the sadvipras are not vigilant, where there is over accumulation non- utilization will occur.
By Shrii P. R. Sarkar
The word prama' is derived as pra-ma' + d'a + t'a. The meaning of the root-verb ma' is to measure, to fathom. So the etymological meaning of prama is balance. In English the two words equilibrium and equipoise are used in this sense. But there is some practical difference between these two words. Equilibrium is used in the sense of balance in physical strength and equipoise is used in the sense of balance in weight. Suppose there is a tug-of-war between two parties. If both the parties are equally strong, no party is able to pull the other party towards itself, i.e. there is a physical equilibrium between the two parties. Take another case. Suppose there is a one-kilo weight on one side of a scale and on the other side there is one kilo of eggplant. As there is equality of weight on both sides, the scale is evenly balanced. This balanced state in weight is called equipoise. Equilibrium and equipoise are collectively known as pramá.
By Shrii P. R. Sarkar
Today, the subject of my discourse is "Civilization, Science and Spiritual Progress". The collective name of different expressions of human life is culture. I may as well tell you at the very outset that culture is one for the whole human race.
By Shrii P. R. Sarkar
There are three fundamental strata in the manifest universe: physical, metaphysical and causal. Over and above, there is one transcendental sphere. Such are the three strata in the human entity, too: crude, subtle and causal. And there is one reflected consciousness besides. There is no question of any development in the conscious sphere because `Atman' is a non-attributed transcendental entity. Where there is imperfection and impermanence, there lies the scope for development. The movement from imperfection towards perfection is called progress. There cannot be any development in the transcendental sphere, which is perfect and eternal, though there is full scope for it in the psychic world. The crude body is made up of five rudimental factors, which are nothing but the crude manifestation of Macrocosm. These fundamental factors are the constituent parts of the physical bodies of all created beings.
By Shrii P. R. Sarkar
What is progress? "Prakrsta gati ityarthe pragati". Where movement is towards psychospiritual welfare (shubha) it is called progress. Where movement is not associated with such welfare it is retardation. For instance, going up the hill or down are both movements, but in different directions.
1st socio-economic principle of Prout
Diversity is the law of nature and uniformity will never be.
Purport: Variety is the chief characteristic (dharma) of the Cosmic Force of creation (prakrti). No two objects in the universe are identical, nor are two bodies, two minds, two atoms or two molecules. This variety is the force of creation’s forte. Those who want to equate everything must fail, for this is unnatural. All objects are equal only in the unmanifest or potential state of the Cosmic Force, and so those who think of equating everything invariably think of the destruction of everything. (Shrii P. R. Sarkar, Ananda Sutram 1962)
"Sadvipras are those whose all efforts are directed toward the attainment of Bliss. They are strong in morality and always ready to wage war against immoral activities. Those who strictly adhere to the principles of morality, are ensconced in sacrificing service and are ready to wage war against immoralists are sadvipras. Only those sadvipras are safe from destruction and extinction who can work for the welfare of the human society. Therefore, it becomes the prime duty of everyone to make themselves and others sadvipras."
Shrii Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar
The originator of the concept of 'Sadvipra.'
By Jayanta Kumar
The basic principles of Prout’s economy are part of the 16 principles that encapsulate Sarkar’s Progressive Utilization Theory. The four socio-economic principles eight to eleven, following the seven social principles, are followed by what Sarkar calls the five fundamental principles of Prout. All these principles are concerned with economics.
In the flow of the social cycle, a class is always dominant.
Purport: Originally, no well-knit social system had evolved. So we may call this age the proletarian (shu’dra) era. In those days all people survived by their physical labor. Then came the era of the valiant, which we may term the warrior (ks’attriya) era. This was followed by the age of intellectuals (vipra). Finally comes the commercialist or capitalist (vaeshya) era. As a result of the rapacity of the capitalist era, when the warriors and intellectuals are relegated to the level of proletariat, proletariat revolution (shu’dra viplava) occurs. As the proletariat has neither a strongly built society nor sufficient intelligence, the administration of post capitalist society goes into the hands of those who lead the proletariat revolution. These people are brave and courageous, and so they establish the advent of the second warrior era. After the successive order of proletariat-warrior-intellectual-capitalist eras comes revolution, and then the second cycle of similar successive order begins. Thus the rotation of the social cycle (samaja cakra) continues. (Shrii P. R. Sarkar, Ananda Sutram, 1962)
by Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar
There must be ever-increasing acceleration in all spheres of existence. Acceleration represents the essence of life. The human structure is physical but the goal of human life is the Supreme Entity. To reach the goal our approach should be through spiritual practices.
Acceleration is also at the root of PROUT. PROUT is a socioeconomic philosophy to help take humanity from imperfection to perfection. To move towards the Supreme Entity is a continuous process for one and all. At the end of this process, you will become one with the Supreme Entity.
The method of utilization should vary in accordance with the changes in time, space and person, and the utilization should be of a progressive nature.
There should be a proper adjustment amongst these physical, metaphysical, mundane, supramundane and spiritual utilizations.
There should be maximum utilization of the physical, metaphysical and spiritual potentialities of the unit and collective bodies of human society.
There should be maximum utilization and rational distribution of all mundane, supramundane and spiritual potentialities of the universe.
No individual should be allowed to accumulate any physical wealth without the clear permission or approval of the collective body.
By, Shrii Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar
According to Karl Marx, the creation of surplus value is the source of economic exploitation. Capitalists convert the surplus value into money value and that is how they accumulate profit. After a thorough analysis of the capitalist conomy, Marx reasoned that all profit is exploitation because profit means the denial of the legitimate right of the working class to the wealth they produce.
Consequently, profit is nothing but the exploitation of labour. Marx concluded that the creation of surplus value will stop only when economic exploitation ends. However, all communist states including the USSR, China, Vietnam, etc. have rejected Marx's theory of exploitation.
"There are several forms of governmental structure, and among them the democratic structure is highly appreciated [by some persons]. Democracy is defined as "government of the people, by the people and for the people." But in fact it is the rule of the majority. Hence democracy means ‘mobocracy’ because the government in a democratic structure is guided by mob psychology. The majority of the society are fools; wise people are always in a minority. Thus, finally democracy is nothing but ‘foolocracy’.” ~(Shrii Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar)
As answered by Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar
Question: What should be the system of share distribution in co-operatives?
Answer: PROUT advocates the phase wise socialisation of agricultural land which should be managed by farmers co- operatives. In the initial phase of transition to co-operative management, land shares should be in the hands of those who are land holders. That is, initially the shares in agricultural or farmers co-operatives should be distributed on the basis of the land vested in the co-operative. When the co-operative system is fully implemented in the agriculture sector, there will not be any distinction between landholders and non-landholders, as all members of the co-operative will be collectively responsible for the management of the land. However, this stage can only be achieved after the proper psychological preparation of the people.
by Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar
The Contai Basin is the area between the Rasulpor and Suvarnareka Rivers where they are about to merge in the Bay of Bengal. The Bengali name of Contai is Ka'nthi derived from the Sanskrit word kanthika'. The British changed Ka'nthi to Contai because to them Ka'nthi sounded similar to Kandi in Murshidabad district and Kanthi in Midnapore district.
